Good dental care and oral health is just as important to our pets as it is to us. All pets are at risk of developing dental problems, especially as they age. Small breeds of dogs and pets that eat soft food are at even higher risk of developing dental disease. Periodontal disease is one of the most common problems affecting pets today but can be prevented with routine care and regular veterinary check ups.

Periodontal disease first affects the teeth and gums and can later lead to problems elsewhere in the body. Periodontal disease starts out with plaque that accumulates daily on teeth. Plaque is that slimy film you feel on your teeth when it has been several hours since your last brushing. Plaque is made up of large amounts of bacteria and when left on the teeth mineralizes into a yellow-brown crust at the gum line called tartar. In the early stage of periodontal disease you may notice bad breath, tartar and staining of the teeth. As the problem advances more tartar accumulates, gums become red, often bleed and then begin to recede. When the disease becomes severe, tooth loss, drooling, and pain is often evident. Infection from teeth and gums can spread through the blood to vital organs such as the heart, liver, and kidneys.

It is estimated that by the age of three up to 80% of dogs and 70% of cats have some signs of periodontal disease. So what can be done to prevent it? The easiest way is to start at the source - control plaque buildup. This can be accomplished by feeding hard foods, using dental chews or treats, and brushing your pet's teeth. Daily brushing is still the best prevention against periodontal disease. It is important to use pet toothpaste for your pet, since human toothpaste contains high levels of fluoride and other additives that can be harmful if swallowed.

There are also many new quality pet foods, both prescription and on pet store shelves, designed to help reduce plaque and tartar buildup. Regular veterinary and dental check-ups are also important in controlling periodontal disease and keeping your pet healthy. Once oral disease starts, animals require periodic examinations and dental cleanings as treatment. It may be necessary to pull damaged teeth at cleanings to stop further complications.

Your veterinarian can monitor the oral health of your pet, help you choose the best products to use, and advise you when dental cleanings are needed. They also have samples of toothpaste so you can try brushing your pet's teeth. Good oral care will keep breath smelling fresh and help your pet live a longer, healthier life.